Shank and bit punch



' IINVENTOR. L6 11:70.50! 119,5.

L. C. BAYLES SHANK AND BIT PUNCH Filed March 6, 1929 July 15, 1930.

Patented July 15, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT orrice LEWIS C. BAYLES, F EAS'ION, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 INGEBSOLL-R-AND OOIVJI may, or JERSEY CITY, NEWJERSEY, A CORPORATION on NEW JnnsnY SHANK sun Application filed March 6,

This invention relates to devices for reforming the bores in hollowbodies, but more particularly to a shank and bit punch ofithe type used for reforming the passages in hol-' 5 low drill steels and which passages frequently become deformed through apriordollying operation. I

One object of the invention is to enable the" working implement to be driven into thework 1e and removed therefromby the direct force of the blows of the hammer piston.

Another object is toassure the delivery of such blows of the hammer piston against ele-; ments located at the same end of the piston:

chamber wherein the hammer-piston recipro cates. c 7

Still another object is to selectively expose either one of a plurality of such elements to the blows of the hammer piston for driving the working implementinto the work and for withdrawing the working implement therefrom. 1 I Another object is to enablethese elements to be selectively exposed to theblows of the hammer piston by means of pressure applied manually to the working implement.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in partpointed out hereinafter. c

In the drawings illustrating the invention and in which similar reference characters re-' fer to similar parts, J 1.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation ofa shank and bit punch constructed in: accordance with the practice of the invention and showing the position of the parts which they will occupy during the operation ofdriving the working implement into the work,

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1' show-V ing the positionwhich the parts-will occupy when directing the blows of the hammer 'pi's ton to the anvil block for withdrawing the working implement from the work, and q Figure Bis a transverse view taken through 45 Figure 1 on the line 3-'3 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring more particularly to the draw ings, A enerally represents a shank and bit punch and B the working implement, such as a drill steel, havinga passage C which may f sure fluid to the front BIT. rUNcH' 1929. Serial Nd. 344,688";

become deformed during a prior forging ophereinafter be referred to as a machine, com-- prises a cylinder 1) which extends slidably at its front end lnto a bore E of a support F.

The support F may be of any suitable type which will enable the machine to be secured to -a-foundation (not shown) or to a drill sharpening machine, such as are usually equipped with a machine of the type to which the present invention pertains. Bolts G are shown extending through the support F for the purpose of securing the machine fixedly in position; 7 c

The cylinder. 1) has a piston'chamber ll containing a reciprocatory'hammer piston J which delivers the .blows of impact required for reforming the passage C in the drill steel B. Another. function of the piston illustrated is' that of the distribution of the pressure fluid to theends ofthepiston chamber for actuating the piston." The piston J accord ingly has a reduced portion K intermediate its ends aroundwhich pressure fluid may flow from onev passage to another. Thesepassages ,-in the present instance include a supply passage L which opens into an intermediate portion of the piston chamber H and inlet passages O. and P.- I c The inlet passages O and P opcen at both extremities,- into the Qpiston'chamber H. The

1nlet passageOlies-rearwardly ofthe lnlet.

openingof the supply passage Land at such a point with respect thereto, that the reduced portionK- of the piston'may place the supply passage L in. communication'with the inlet passage 0 for admittingwpressure fluid into the rearward end of the pistonehamber. I

p The inlet passage P supplies pressure fluid to the front end ofthe piston chamber and its rearwardmost opening is so 'locatedthat the reduced portion K of the piston may also place the supply passage L in communication with theinlet passage P for delivering presber.

Both ends or. the piston chamberare provided with separate exhaust ports, that for the front end being designated by Q, and the end ofthe piston cham- V one for the rearward end being designated by R. The exhaust ports Q, and R establish communication between the piston chamber H and the atmosphere at points intermediate the extremities of the inlet passages O and P.

A closure is provided for the rearward end ofthe piston chamber H by a back head S which may be suitably secured to the cylinder D in any convenient manner. The back head S has a reduced rearward extension T which extends slidably into a bore U in a bearing V which may be held stationary with respect to the support F by means of a rod N. The rod IV is secured at its front end to the support F through which it extends and carries a nut X for clamping it to the support. The rearward end of the rod W is secured to the bearing V in a like manner and is provided with a nut X for clamping the bearing securely to the rod.

In the construction shown, the bores U and E of the bearing V and the support F respectively are coaxial, and the bearing V and the support F are so spaced with respect to each other that the cylinder D with the attached back head S are capable of some longitudinal movement with respect to the elements whereby they are supported.

The admission of pressure fluid into the machine is in this instance controlled by a valve Y having a stem Z which projects into the bore U and is adapted to abut the end wall Z) of the bore U for opening the said valve. The valve chamber 0 wherein the valve Y is disposed is adapted to receive a valve guide (Z which is seated with its front end against a shoulder e in the valve chamber 0 and is held in position by a plug 7 which acts as an extension of the guide.

Pressure fluid may be introduced into the machine by any suitable means, such as a conduit and such pressure fluid may be delivered into a chamber 9 in the back head S and communicating with the valve chamber through a passage h. The pressure fluid flows from the front end of the valve chamber 0 into the front end of the valve guide and thence through ports j in the valve guide and through a passage in the back head into the supply passage L.

As has been previously stated, the cylinder. and the back head are slidably mounted in the bearing V and the support F. Due to this arrangement whenever it is desired to open the valve Y for admitting pressure fluid into the machine, manual pressure may be applied to the front end of the cylinder, and since the valve stem Z is adapted to abut the end wall 6 of the bearing, movement of the cylinder in a rearwardly direction will move the valve guide which forms a seat for the valve away from the valveand the pressure fluid will thence flow from the valve chamher into the piston chamber H where it is distributed by the piston J. In the absence of pressure to the front end of the cylinder, the cylinder and the back head will be returned to the normal position to close the valve Y by a spring 0 seating with one end against the end wall I) and with its other end against the plug The means whereby the passage O in the drill steel B is adapted to be opened may consist of a punch pin 7) carried by an anvil block g extending with its rearward'end into the front end of the piston chamber to receive the blows of the hammer piston J. In the construction shown, means are provided for guiding the anvil block and for providing a renewable bearing surface therefor. These means comprise a guide bushing 9 which is disposed slidably in a bore 8 in the front end of the cylinder D and extends with its rearward end into the front end of the piston chamber, although normally not to the same depth-as the corresponding end of the anvil block 9. The guide bushing r carries at its front end a flange 6 which abuts the front end of the cylinder D to limit the distance which the guide bushing may extend into the piston chamber. In order to also limit the distance which theanvil block Q may extend into the piston chamber, said anvil block is provided with a collar a which, when the anvil block is moved rearwardly into the path of the hammer piston J bears against the flange t of the guide bushing r.

Similar guiding means are provided for the forward end of the anvil block 9. The means shown is in the form of a guide sleeve 0 which is disposed slidably in a bore w of the support F and has a collar 02 which may abut the front end of the support for limiting the rearward movement of the guide sleeve '0.

Means are provided for indirectly transmitting the blows of the'hammer piston to the anvil block and for reversing the force of such blows to withdraw the punch pin 72 from the drill steel after the passage C has been opened and to obtain this result without the manipulation of means other than those employed for setting the machine in operation to drive the punch pin into the drill steel. These meanscomprise a pair of le vers 3 and a mounted on pivots 2 and 3 respectively seated in the support F. The lever g is preferably in the form of a bell crank having an arm I which extends in a generally rearwardly direction and on the other side of the pivot 2 are a pair of arms 5 which lie on opposite sides of the anvil block 9 and bear against the front end of the guide sleeve '0.

z The lever 2 also has two arms designated by 6 which in this instance lie on opposite sides of the collar u of the anvil block. Preferably the collar u is providedwvith a pair of flat surfaces 7 which may be engaged by the arm 6 for holding the anvil block against steel 13 contacting with the punch pin will free rotation and to avoid the necessity of widely spacing the arms 6. The lever .2 has a heel 8 which normally bears'against the arm 4 of the lever y. Preferably the pivots whereon the levers y a'nde are mounted are located slightly on one side of the center of gravity of the levers so that said levers will at all times remain in substantially the desired operative positions.

The operation of the device is as follows: Whenever it is desired to reform the passage in the drill steel, said drill steel maybe held to the front end of the punch pin 39. By pressing rearwardly against the punch pin p, the anvil block will be moved into the range of the hammerpiston J. Additional pressure against the punch pin will, move the cylinder D and the back head S rearwardly, .thus opening the valve Y and admitting pres-. sure fluid into the pistonchamber.

In the position of the piston J shown in Figure 1, pressure fluid will flow around the reduced portion K through the inlet passage P into the front end of the piston chamber and drive the piston rearwardly. After the piston J uncovers the exhaust port Q, the pressure fiuid'utilized for that purpose'will be exhausted to the atmosphere.

' I The force of the expanding pressure fluid will however carry the piston J rearwardly, to the rearward end of the piston chamber H. and pressure fluid will thence flow around the reduced portion K and through the inlet passage'O to the rearward end of the piston;

i chamber H to drive the pistonJ' forwardly against the anvil block. After/the piston J uncovers the rearward exhaust port R, the pressure fluid will exhaust to the atmosphere. Repeated blows against the anvil block may follow until the punch. pin has been driven into-the drill steel to the desired depth whereupon the pressure against the punch pin may be released and the cylinder will be moved forwardly by the force of the spring 0 to close thevalve Y. 7

Owing to the fact thatthe drill steel B has been heated to a degree where it is read-" ily malleable and that the punch pin 79 is comparatively cool, the metal of the drill contract so that these two elements will frictionally engage each other. 7 This gripping action of the heated drill steel on the punch pin may be of such extent that a considerable force is required to remove the drill steel from the punch pin so that the drill steel may not readily be removed from the punch pin by a force such as may be applied by a direct pull by the operator. Owing further to the rapid cooling of the drill steel and the increasing gripping action thereof on the punch pin it is essential that these. elements be speedily separated after the passage Chas been opened.

It is further desirable that this result may be brought about withoutextreme efforton the part of the operator. This result is obtained in the present instance by utilizing the blows, of the hammer piston J. After the punch pin 39 has penetrated the drill steel to adesired depth, the drill steel B may be pulled forwardly by theoperator. This will retract the anvil block from the front ofjthe piston chamber, and when the anvil block Q is moved-forwardly to the llPfllt'Of its travel, the collar a will bear against the inner end of the guide sleeve 0 and press the guide sleeve againstthe arm 5 of the lever y. The

lever y will be rocked about its pivot to press 'againstthe heel of the lever a and force the arms 6 of the lever .e agalnst the guide sleeve r to hold the innermost end of said guide sleeve withln the range of the blows of the hammer piston J.

By. applying suilicient force to the anvil block 9, this movement of the levers y and 2 will also result in moving the cylinder D rearwardly to open the valve Y for admitting pressurefluid into the piston chamber. The piston J" will then deliver its blows against the guide bushing rand such blows will be transmitted through the levers sandy and, here guide sleeve 0 is interposed between the arms hand the collar as, through the guide sleeve 2) to the collar a for removing the punch pin 72 fromthe drill steel. "After the punch pin is free from the drill steel, the spring 0 which was compressed in the rearward P0,

sition of the cylinder will react to move the cylinder forwardly and thus close'the valve Y.

in practice, the present device has been found to be highly efficient-since it assures the driving of the punch pin into the work and its withdrawal in a minimum of time. These directions of the movement of the punch pin may be attained by merely applying pressure to the punch pin either by pushing or py pulling, depending upon the direction in which 1t s desired to actuate the punch pin. Moreover, the blows of the hammer piston J may be positively applied, not only for driving the punch pin into the work, but also for retracting it therefrom and, as

a result, the duration of time which the punch pin extends into the heated metal will be re-- duced to a l'IllIllHlLlIl'l.

-Iclaim: V 1. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of acylinder having a piston chamber anda hammer piston-in the piston chamber, aworking implement, a plurality of elements at the same end of the cylinder and being adapted to be selectively exposed to theblows of the hammer piston, one of said elements serving to deliver the blow of the hammer piston directly to the working implement for driving the working implement into-the work, and means associatedwith another element for indirectly transmitting the'blows mit the blow of the'hammer piston directly to the working implement for driving said working implement into the work, and means acting against said elements during the exposure of another of said elements to the blows of the hammer piston for reversing the force of such blows to withdraw the working implement from the work.

3. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston chamber, a working implement, a plurality of elements extending into the same end of the piston chamber and adapted to be selectively exr posed to the blows of the hammer piston, one

of said elements serving as a carrier for the working implement and through which the blows of the hammer piston are directly transmitted to the working implement for driving it into the work, and means for holding another of the elements within the range of the blows of the hammer piston and for indirectly transmitting such blows to the element carrying the working implement to withdraw the said working implement iroin the work.

4. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston chamber, a working implement, an anvil block carrying the working implement an d adapted to receive the blows of the hammer piston for driving the working implement into the work, said anvil block being slidable into and out of the range of travel of the hammer piston, a guide bushing for the anvil block and adapted to extend into the piston chamber to receive the blows of the hammer piston upon retraction of the anvil block, and means for trans mitting such blows from the guide bushing to the anvil block and in areverse direction for withdrawing the working implement from the work.

5. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston cham er, an anvil block extending slidably into the pisston chamber, a punch pin carried by the anvil block and against which pressure is applied in one direction for maintaining the anvil block within the range of travel of the hammer piston, a guide bushing for the anvil block extending slidably into thesame end of the piston chamber as the anvil block and against which the blows of thehammer piston are delivered upon retraction of the anvil block, and means associated with the anvil block and the guide bushing for transmitting the blows of the hammer piston against the anvil block and for reversing the direction of the force of such blows to retract the punch pin from the work.

6. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston chamber, a working implement, an anvil block carrying the working implement and adapted to receive the blows or the hammer piston for driving the working. implement into the work, said anvil block being adapted to be moved into and out of the path of the piston by pres sure applied to the working implement, a guide bushing slidable in the cylinder and extending into the same end of the piston chamher as the anvil block to receive the blows of the hammer piston upon retraction of the anil block, a collar on the anvil block, and, a pair of pivotally mounted levers associated to respond to the movement of each other, one of said levers bearing against the guide bushing and the other lever acting against the collar for transmitting the blows delivered against the guide bushing to the anvil'block and thus withdraw the working implement from the work,

7. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston chamber, a support for the cylinder, a working implement, an anvil block carrying the working im-' plement and adapted to receive the blows of the hammer piston, said anvil block being capable of being moved into and out oi: the end of the piston chamber by pressure applied to the working implement, a guidebushing slidable in the cylinder and extending into the same end of the piston chamber as the anvil block to receive the blows of the hammer piston upon retraction of the anvil block, a collar on the anvil block, and a pair of levers pivoted on the support and bearing against each other, one of said levers acting against the guide bushing and the other lever acting against the collar to transmit the blows of the hammer piston delivered against the guide bushing to the anvil block and thus withdraw the working implement from the work.

i 8. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston chamber, a support for the cylinder, a working implement, an anvil block'carrying the working implement and adapted to receive the blows of the hammer piston, said anvil block being capable 01 being moved into and out of the end 01 the piston chamber by pressure applied to the working implement, a guide bushing slidable in the cylinder and extending into the same end of the piston chamber as the anvil block to receive the-blows of the against each other, one of said levers acting.

against the front end of the guide bushing and the other lever acting against the corresponding end of the collar to transmit the blows of the hammer piston delivered against the guide bushing to the anvil block and thus withdraw the working implement from the work. I I

9. In a shank and bit punch, thecombination of a cylinder having a piston chamber and a hammer piston in the piston chamber,

support for the cylinder, a working imple-' ment, an anvil block carrying the working implement and adapted to receive the blows of the hammer piston, said anvil block being capable of being moved into and out of the end of the piston chamber by pressure applied to the working implement, a guide bushing for the anvil block slidable in the cylinder and extending into the same end of the piston chamber as the anvil block to re ceive the blows of the hammer piston upon removal of the anvil block from the range of travel of said hammer piston, a guide sleeve for the anvil block slidable in the support, a collar on the anvil block adapted to seat against the guide bushing in one position of the anvil block and against the guide sleeve in another position. of said anvil block, and a pair of levers mounted pivotally on the support and bearing against each other, one of said levers bearing against the guide bushing and the other lever bearing against the guide sleeve for transmitting the blows of the hammer piston delivered against the guide bushing to the collar and thus with draw the working implement from the work.

10. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a support and a cylinder slidably supported by the support, a piston chamber in the cylinder, a reciprocatory hammer piston in the piston chamber, a valve adapted to be opened upon axial movementof the cylinder for admitting pressure fluid into the piston chamber, a plurality of elements BX- tending slidably into one end of the piston chamber, a punch pin carried by one of said elements and against which pressure is ap plied in one direction for, setting the piston in operation to drive the punch pin into the work, and means acting against the elements and through which the blows of the hammer piston are transmitted for withdrawing the punch pin from the work upon the application of a reverse pressure against the element carrying the punch pin.

11. In a shank and bit punch, the combination of a support and a cylinder slidably the cylinder for admitting pressure fluid into the piston chamber to actuate'the hammer piston, an anvil block, a guide bushing for the anvil block, said anvil block and guide bushing being slidable relatively to-the cyl-i inder and extending into the same end of the piston chamber, a punch pin carried by the anvil block and against which pressure is applied for actuating the cylinder thereby setting the hammer piston in operation against the anvil block for driving thepunch pin into the work, a pair of levers pivotally mounted on the support and'acting against each other for simultaneous movement, one of said levers acting against the anvil block and the other lever acting against the guide bushing and holding the guidevbushing in position to receive the blows of the hammer piston and form an indirect path for the transmission of such blows to the anvil block upon retraction of the anvil block from the iston chamber'to withdraw the punchpin from the work.

12. In a shank and bit punch,the combination of a support and a cylinder slidably I supported by the support, a piston chamber in the cylinder, a reciprocatory hammer p1ston in the piston chamber, a valve adapted to be opened upon longitudinal movement of the cylinder for admitting pressure fluid into the piston chamber to actuate the hammer piston, an anvil block extending into the piston chamber and slidable with respect to the cylinder, a punch pin carried by the anvil block and against which pressure is applied in one direction to actuate the cylinder and setthe-hammer piston in operation for driving the punch pinvinto the work, a guide bushing for the anvilblock extending slidably into the piston chamber. and a plurality of levers acting against each other for simultaneous movement, one of said levers acting specification.

' LEWVIS C. BAYLES.

supported by the support, a piston chamber in the cylinder, a reciprocatory hammer piston in the piston chamber, a valve adapted to be opened upon longitudinal movement of 

